Life has been very hard.
CC-BY 2.0 (France) Attribution: tatoeba.org #4666218 (CK) & #6132212 (verdastelo9604) · Tatoeba source · CC BY 2.0 FR
艰苦
Traditional: 艱苦
jiān kǔ
HSK 3.0 · 5HSK 2.0 · 5
Yue Tan · University of Caen; © 2009 Yue Tan. MP3 preparation: Hugo Lopez / audio-cmn · CC BY-SA 3.0 US
jiān kǔ · gaan1 fu2 (Jyutping)
- difficult
- hard
- arduous
Definitions: CC-CEDICT contributors · CC BY-SA 4.0 · snapshot 2026-10-09. Display: consolidated readings, linked characters and marked pinyin. Original data
Character breakdown
Unihan 17.0.0 · Unicode License V3. Make Me a Hanzi · LGPL 3+. Interactive stroke order is available in the study tools.
Example sentences
This is painstaking work.
CC-BY 2.0 (France) Attribution: tatoeba.org #10793203 (ddnktr) & #13118945 (LeviHighway) · Tatoeba source · CC BY 2.0 FR